New Profession of Archaeology

With Cataclysm comes a new skill of Archaeology. It is essentially a secondary gathering profession that looks interesting. Once Archaeology is trained, you can see digsites on your map (not mini-map). There are always four dig sites per continent. These will not change until you dig one out. You only find sites in zones of your level or lower. A level 25 character will have all 4 sites per continent in level 25 zones. This means that no dig sites will appear for that character in Outland or Northrend until he reaches a minimum level for the zones.
For instance, a low level character on Kalimdor might have sites in Ashenvale and Stonetalon, where a level 82 might have ones in Uldum, Ashenvale, Stonetalon, and Silithus. Sites are race specific. You can usually guess the race by the location. Some race locations are only available on some continents. You need both a minimum character level and a minimum archaeology level to use some sites.

And the best thing of all: Dig sites are player specific. There is no competition for dig sites. Sweet!

Here is a nice video that pretty much explains it all: